I can't find a number from the SSA regarding how much a billionaire (or millionaire) would receive. But this report states that from 2004-2009 $9B was paid out to millionaires in social security benefits: http://www.coburn.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?a=Files.Serve&...
"In fact, the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) found that in 2009, 38,217 individuals with an AGI of $1 million or more received more than $1.142 billion in Social Security benefits." That seems to show that those millionaires received ~$30k each/year from social security. There must be a cap in place if true.
The cap is based on the maximum income that is subject to the payroll tax (up to $106,800). Income over that amount does not incur payroll tax and also doesn't contribute to payable social security benefits.